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If you’re experiencing severe abdominal pain, fever, or heavy bleeding, call 911.

Cystic Fibrosis

Cystic Fibrosis Explained

CF is inherited and primarily known for its effects on the lungs, but it also significantly impacts the pancreas by blocking enzyme flow and damaging pancreatic tissue. Many people with CF develop exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, leading to poor digestion, weight loss, and vitamin deficiencies. CF also raises the risk of diabetes and certain liver and intestinal complications.

Symptoms

Pancreas-related symptoms include difficulty gaining weight, oily stools, and vitamin deficiencies, often beginning in childhood or adolescence.

Symptoms include:
Difficulty gaining weight or growing despite good appetite
Frequent, bulky, oily, or foul-smelling stools
Abdominal pain, gas, or bloating
Vitamin deficiency signs (bone problems, hair/skin changes)
CF-related diabetes in some patients

When to call

Call the CF team or office if you notice worsening digestive symptoms, weight loss, changes in stool pattern, or concerns about blood sugar or growth.

Seek emergency care for severe abdominal pain, signs of intestinal blockage, severe breathing difficulty, or sudden worsening of overall condition.

Evaluation & Tests
Management & Treatment

Diagnosis of CF is usually made with newborn screening, sweat chloride testing, and genetic testing. Pancreas-specific evaluation looks at stool enzyme levels, nutritional status, and blood sugar control.

Confirmation of CF with sweat testing and/or genetic testing
Assessment of pancreatic function (stool elastase, stool fat)
Monitoring of growth, weight, and nutritional markers
Screening for CF-related diabetes and liver disease
Multidisciplinary CF care team involvement

Management is multidisciplinary and includes airway clearance and lung care, enzyme replacement for digestion, high-calorie nutrition, vitamin supplementation, and CF-specific medications. Pancreatic care focuses on maintaining nutrition and managing EPI.

Pancreatic enzyme replacement with all meals and snacks
High-calorie, nutrient-dense diet often with extra fat and protein
Fat-soluble vitamin supplements and monitoring of nutrition
CF-targeted therapies (such as CFTR modulators) where appropriate
Regular follow-up with a specialized CF center
This information is for general educational purposes only and is not a diagnosis or personalized medical advice. It does not replace a visit with your own healthcare provider. Always follow the specific recommendations given by your medical team. If you have urgent or worsening symptoms, contact your provider or seek emergency care right away.

At-a-glance

Abdominal painBloating / gasDiarrheaWeight loss / anemia

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Information on this website is for education only and not a substitute for medical advice.

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