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Autoimmune Hepatitis

Autoimmune Hepatitis Explained

In autoimmune hepatitis, the immune system mistakenly identifies liver tissue as foreign and attacks it. The condition can be mild or severe and may lead to cirrhosis if not treated. It often affects people with other autoimmune conditions and can occur at any age. Long-term treatment with immune-suppressing medicines can usually control inflammation and protect liver function.

Síntomas

Symptoms range from none or mild fatigue to more obvious signs like jaundice or abdominal discomfort. Some people are diagnosed only after routine blood tests show abnormal liver enzymes.

Los síntomas incluyen:
Fatigue and low energy
Loss of appetite, nausea, or abdominal discomfort
Joint pains or generalized aches
Jaundice (yellow eyes or skin) or dark urine in more active disease
Itching in some patients

Cuándo llamar

Call the office for new or worsening fatigue, jaundice, dark urine, abdominal pain, or if you have autoimmune hepatitis and notice a flare in symptoms or medication side effects.

Seek emergency care for severe jaundice, confusion, heavy bleeding, severe abdominal pain, or if you are acutely ill and suspect liver failure.

Evaluación y pruebas
Manejo y tratamiento

Evaluation includes blood tests looking for liver inflammation and characteristic autoimmune antibodies, imaging to exclude other causes, and often a liver biopsy to confirm the diagnosis and assess stage.

Liver enzyme testing and history to rule out viral, alcohol-related, or drug-related causes
Autoimmune blood markers (ANA, SMA, IgG, others)
Imaging to look at liver structure and rule out other disease
Liver biopsy to confirm autoimmune hepatitis and assess scarring
Screening for other autoimmune conditions as appropriate

Treatment aims to reduce the immune attack on the liver using medications such as steroids and other immune-suppressing drugs. Ongoing monitoring is needed to adjust therapy and watch for side effects or progression.

Steroid-based therapy (often prednisone) to control inflammation
Addition of other immunosuppressive medications (such as azathioprine) to maintain remission
Regular blood tests to monitor liver function and medication side effects
Screening for bone health and infection risk due to long-term immunosuppression
Possible transplant evaluation for advanced, treatment-resistant disease
Esta información tiene únicamente fines educativos generales y no constituye un diagnóstico ni un consejo médico personalizado. No sustituye la consulta con su propio profesional sanitario. Siga siempre las recomendaciones específicas que le haya dado su equipo médico. Si presenta síntomas urgentes o que empeoran, póngase en contacto con su profesional sanitario o acuda inmediatamente a urgencias.

De un vistazo

Abdominal painWeight loss / anemia

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