To get clear pictures, your stomach and intestines need to be as empty as possible. You’ll be asked to stop eating and drinking for a set number of hours before the test—often starting the evening before—and you may be given instructions for a clear-liquid diet and/or a small bowel prep solution. You’ll also receive directions about how to time your regular medications around the test.

People with certain conditions (such as prior bowel obstruction, strictures, or implanted devices) will be screened carefully to make sure capsule endoscopy is safe and appropriate.

When you arrive, your abdomen will be prepped with sensor patches or a belt that connects to a small data recorder. After everything is in place, you’ll swallow the capsule with water. You won’t feel the camera moving, and you’ll be able to walk around the clinic for a short time and then leave if instructed.

Throughout the day, the recorder collects images while you go about light daily activities. You’ll be given instructions about when you can start drinking clear liquids and then eating again, how to protect the equipment, and what to avoid (such as certain electronics or vigorous exercise). At the end of the recording period, you’ll return the recorder and sensors to the office.

After the recording equipment is removed, you can usually resume normal eating and activities unless your instructions say otherwise. The capsule continues through your intestines and is passed naturally in your stool—most people don’t see it when it comes out.

Your provider will review the images and contact you with results and next steps. Call your care team or seek urgent care if you develop new or worsening abdominal pain, ongoing nausea or vomiting, or notice that you have not had a bowel movement or passed gas for an unusually long time, as these could be signs of a blockage that needs prompt attention.